Exporters

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将遥测数据发送到 OpenTelemetry Collector，以确保其被正确导出。 在生产环境中使用 Collector 是最佳实践。若要可视化你的遥测数据，可将其导出到后端系统，例如 Jaeger、Zipkin、 Prometheus，或某个特定厂商的后端。

可用的导出器

镜像仓库中包含一份 PHP 可用导出器的列表。

在所有导出器中，OpenTelemetry 协议 (OTLP) 导出器是以 OpenTelemetry 数据模型为基础设计的， 能够无信息丢失地输出 OTel 数据。此外，许多处理遥测数据的工具都支持 OTLP （例如 Prometheus、Jaeger 和大多数厂商），在你需要时为你提供高度的灵活性。 若要了解更多关于 OTLP 的信息，请参阅 OTLP 规范。

本页面介绍了主要的 OpenTelemetry PHP 导出器以及如何进行配置。

OTLP

To send trace data to a OTLP endpoint (like the collector or Jaeger) you’ll need to use the open-telemetry/exporter-otlp package and an HTTP client that satisfied psr/http-client-implementation:

composer require \
  open-telemetry/exporter-otlp \
  php-http/guzzle7-adapter

To use the gRPC exporter, you will also need to install the open-telemetry/transport-grpc package, and the grpc extension:

pecl install grpc
composer require open-telemetry/transport-grpc

Next, configure an exporter with an OTLP endpoint. For example:

<?php

require __DIR__ . '/vendor/autoload.php';

use OpenTelemetry\API\Signals;
use OpenTelemetry\Contrib\Grpc\GrpcTransportFactory;
use OpenTelemetry\Contrib\Otlp\OtlpUtil;
use OpenTelemetry\Contrib\Otlp\SpanExporter;
use OpenTelemetry\SDK\Trace\SpanProcessor\SimpleSpanProcessor;
use OpenTelemetry\SDK\Trace\TracerProvider;

$transport = (new GrpcTransportFactory())->create('http://jaeger:4317' . OtlpUtil::method(Signals::TRACE));
$exporter = new SpanExporter($transport);

$tracerProvider =  new TracerProvider(
    new SimpleSpanProcessor($exporter)
);

<?php

require __DIR__ . '/vendor/autoload.php';

use OpenTelemetry\Contrib\Otlp\OtlpHttpTransportFactory;
use OpenTelemetry\Contrib\Otlp\SpanExporter;
use OpenTelemetry\SDK\Trace\SpanProcessor\SimpleSpanProcessor;
use OpenTelemetry\SDK\Trace\TracerProvider;

$transport = (new OtlpHttpTransportFactory())->create('http://jaeger:4318/v1/traces', 'application/x-protobuf');
$exporter = new SpanExporter($transport);

$tracerProvider =  new TracerProvider(
    new SimpleSpanProcessor($exporter)
);

<?php

require __DIR__ . '/vendor/autoload.php';

use OpenTelemetry\Contrib\Otlp\OtlpHttpTransportFactory;
use OpenTelemetry\Contrib\Otlp\SpanExporter;
use OpenTelemetry\SDK\Trace\SpanProcessor\SimpleSpanProcessor;
use OpenTelemetry\SDK\Trace\TracerProvider;

$transport = (new OtlpHttpTransportFactory())->create('http://jaeger:4318/v1/traces', 'application/json');
$exporter = new SpanExporter($transport);

$tracerProvider =  new TracerProvider(
    new SimpleSpanProcessor($exporter)
);
$tracer = $tracerProvider->getTracer('io.opentelemetry.contrib.php');
$tracer->spanBuilder('example')->startSpan()->end();

<?php

require __DIR__ . '/vendor/autoload.php';

use OpenTelemetry\Contrib\Otlp\OtlpHttpTransportFactory;
use OpenTelemetry\Contrib\Otlp\SpanExporter;
use OpenTelemetry\SDK\Trace\SpanProcessor\SimpleSpanProcessor;
use OpenTelemetry\SDK\Trace\TracerProvider;

$transport = (new OtlpHttpTransportFactory())->create('http://jaeger:4318/v1/traces', 'application/x-ndjson');
$exporter = new SpanExporter($transport);

$tracerProvider =  new TracerProvider(
    new SimpleSpanProcessor($exporter)
);
$tracer = $tracerProvider->getTracer('io.opentelemetry.contrib.php');
$tracer->spanBuilder('example')->startSpan()->end();

Then, append the following code to generate a span:

$tracer = $tracerProvider->getTracer('io.opentelemetry.contrib.php');
$tracer
  ->spanBuilder('example')
  ->startSpan()
  ->end();

To try out the example above, you can run Jaeger in a docker container:

docker run -d --name jaeger \
  -e COLLECTOR_ZIPKIN_HOST_PORT=:9411 \
  -e COLLECTOR_OTLP_ENABLED=true \
  -p 6831:6831/udp \
  -p 6832:6832/udp \
  -p 5778:5778 \
  -p 16686:16686 \
  -p 4317:4317 \
  -p 4318:4318 \
  -p 14250:14250 \
  -p 14268:14268 \
  -p 14269:14269 \
  -p 9411:9411 \
  jaegertracing/all-in-one:latest

Zipkin

If you’re using Zipkin to visualize traces, you’ll need to set it up first. Here’s how to run it locally in a docker container.

docker run --rm -d -p 9411:9411 --name zipkin openzipkin/zipkin

Install the exporter package as a dependency for your application:

composer require open-telemetry/exporter-zipkin

Update the example to use the Zipkin exporter and to send data to your Zipkin backend:

$transport = \OpenTelemetry\SDK\Common\Export\Http\PsrTransportFactory::discover()
    ->create('http://zipkin:9411/api/v2/spans', 'application/json');
$zipkinExporter = new ZipkinExporter($transport);
$tracerProvider =  new TracerProvider(
    new SimpleSpanProcessor($zipkinExporter)
);
$tracer = $tracerProvider->getTracer('io.opentelemetry.contrib.php');

Minimizing export delays

Most PHP runtimes are synchronous and blocking. Sending telemetry data can delay HTTP responses being received by your users.

If you are using fastcgi, you could issue a call to fastcgi_finish_request() after sending a user response, which means that delays in sending telemetry data will not hold up request processing.

To minimize the impact of slow transport of telemetry data, particularly for external or cloud-based backends, you should consider using the OpenTelemetry Collector as an agent. The agent can quickly accept, then batch send telemetry data to the backend.


Last modified June 11, 2025: Alert cleanup (#7090) (c392c714)